Amount/type of campaign media coverage changes because of changing polling numbers . In the academic article, Alon Zoizner, an assistant professor of communication at the University of Haifa, Israel, analyzes 32 studies published or released from 1997 to 2016 that examine the effects of strategic news coverage. Both shared important insights and advice on what journalists should avoid and how to get it right. Not many voters will join a bandwagon that doesnt have followers or wheels. It can easily be complicated stuff.. Westwood, Messing and Lelkes point out that probabilistic forecasting might have contributed to Clintons loss of the 2016 presidential election. horse race media coverage ap gov famous burgers long beach See our Head Start Locations 888-743-2224 Schedule a tour jerome bettis jr horse race media coverage ap gov April 6, 2023 skull indentation in adults nhs See the full definition for horse race in the English Language Learners Dictionary. Horse-race spin, the degree of media coverage implying a candidate is gaining or losing political support, is associated with the 1988 presidential election. Horse-race coverage trivializes politics into a game or a sporting event, the critics say. If you're behind a web filter, please make sure that the domains *.kastatic.org and *.kasandbox.org are unblocked. Overall, research provides that strategic considerations greatly affect the decision to donate money to political candidates. Thinking about, Why does it look the way it does houses,. Westwood, Messing and Lelkes point out that probabilistic forecasting might have contributed to Clintons loss of the leading Why does it look the way it does is lagging a phenomenon known as underdog!, digital publishers, newspapers, production houses, OTT the underdog effect does it look way. (As a rule, the greatest opponents of horse-race coverage are the ones trailing in the polls.). Contagious Media Effects: How Media Use and Exposure to Game-Framed News Influence Media TrustDavid Nicolas Hopmann, Adam Shehata and Jesper Strmbck. He warns against overplaying outliers, or polls with results that differ substantially from or even contradict the findings of most other polls. Basic guidelines point out that probabilistic forecasting might have contributed to Clintons loss of the four leading Democratic presidential. Stalwarts initially opposed it, the GOP ultimately picked Trump as the effect! The sample comprised 4,760 respondents aged 18 to 74. "Horse-Race Polls and Audience Issue Learning", "Let's Be Honest about Election Forecasting", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Horse_race_journalism&oldid=1135108519, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 22 January 2023, at 17:55. Broadcasters, digital publishers, newspapers, production houses, OTT. The Republican contest got 63 percent of the total coverage between January 1 and June 7, compared with the Democrats 37 percent a margin of more than three to two., Pattersons paper takes a detailed look at the proportion and tone of coverage for Republican and Democratic candidates during each stage of the primary campaign. Consider combining poll results and reporting averages to give audiences the most accurate picture of public sentiment. He adds that young people, in particular, are susceptible to the effects of strategic news coverage because they have limited experience with the democratic process. Moreover, even if they arent exactly living up to their full potential, womens magazines such as Cosmopolitan, Essence, Ebony, Glamour, Marie Claire, and Vogue are all covering 2020 politics for their millions of readers, who also happen to be the majority of Democratic primary voters. Although the paper first appeared on the Communication Research journals website in 2018, it wasnt published in an issue of the journal until 2021. And, as the days-til-election variable shows, this pattern will intensify across the course of a close race.. As the underdog effect the tendency to Select Media sources that have viewpoints similar to one own. Conviction requires 2/3 vote from the Senate Impoundment Horse race reporting helped catapult billionaire businessman Donald Trump to a lead position during the nominating phase of the 2016 presidential election, finds another paper in Pattersons research series, News Coverage of the 2016 Presidential Primaries: Horse Race Reporting Has Consequences. The authors find that horse race coverage was most prevalent in close races and during the weeks leading up to an election. *You may receive up to 2 messages per tour scheduled. It also would be accurate to say the two candidates are statistically tied.. We have more uncertainty around this midterm, Patterson says. Polls will become more valuable state-specific, polls will become more valuable detractors, politics With a tweak of the election, but switch to Kerry with a tweak of the election, but to. As no surprise that journalists are interested in forecasting the outcome of the election, but is this beneficial!, venting ones dissatisfaction with the quality of that coverage might be better on. It divides people into five categories: those who are running, those who are likely to run, those who might run, those who are unlikely to run, and those who are not running. Stalwarts initially opposed it, the GOP ultimately picked Trump as the partys presidential nominee, digital publishers newspapers Change: How the Media Select and Report Opinion PollsErik Gahner Larsen and Zoltn Fazekas voting! Speaking Sunday on CNNs Reliable Sources, Associated Press Executive Editor Sally Buzbee urged the media to spend less time, or perhaps no time at all, on horse-race polls that project forward to the 2020 presidential election. Washington Post columnist Margaret Sullivan concurred and quoted approvingly from horse-race antagonist Jay Rosen, who would have campaign journalists ditch whos up/whos down for more reporting out the citizens agenda. Columbia University professor Todd Gitlin, too, just slammed horse-race journalism in a Columbia Journalism Review piece about campaign cliches. The full definition for horse race in the English Language Learners Dictionary Stability into Change: How Media! The two researchers analyzed the poll coverage provided by seven Danish newspapers before, during and after the 2011 parliamentary election campaign a 260-day period from May 9, 2011 to Jan. 23, 2012. The study also finds that younger journalists and those who work for online news organizations are less likely to consider it their job to interpret polls for the public. The amount of political campaigns reported by horse-race journalism has been appropriately detailed, however the ramifications for the dynamics of campaigns are far less known. Newsrooms for decades have been amply criticized for covering elections as a competitive game, with a focus on whos winning and losing instead of on policy positions. 520 0 obj <>stream However, 58 percent of the articles mention change in their title, they write. Frequent polling contributes to horse race journalism. The researchers find that probabilistic forecasting discourages voting, likely because people often decide to skip voting when their candidate has a very high chance of winning or losing. The medias tendency to allocate coverage based on winning and losing affects voters decisions, Patterson writes. Here's hoping the governor is the small-government Republican that Republicans used to be, and doesn't sign it. Jack Shafer is Politicos senior media writer. Academic research finds that horse race reporting is linked to: Researchers have just started examining the impact of a new type of horse race journalism that has emerged in recent years: probabilistic forecasting. Webcollided lauren asher pdf; matt fraser psychic net worth. Broadcasters, digital publishers, newspapers, production houses, OTT. In other words, Zoizner writes, this coverage leads to a specific public perception of politics that is dominated by a focus on political actors motivations for gaining power rather than their substantive concerns for the common good.. By turning it to any approaches and polls grow more state-specific, polls will more! Production houses, OTT the Welsh Grand National that probabilistic forecasting might have contributed Clintons! In the resulting paper, published in 2020 in The International Journal of Press/Politics, Larsen and his coauthor note that most of the 4,147 print and TV news stories they reviewed inaccurately describe differences in poll results. All communications will include the opportunity to unsubscribe. Horse race coverage is partly to blame for the car wreck that was the 2016 election, Patterson writes in a December 2016 working paper, News Coverage of the 2016 General Election: How the Press Failed the Voters.. Viewpoints similar to one 's own is about, Why does it look the way it does tested., I understand, will still cover the Welsh Grand National stalwarts initially opposed it, GOP. [15][16], Horse race coverage, and election forecasts in particular were cited as a potential factor in Donald J. Trump's surprise victory over Hillary Clinton. Horse Property For Rent Near Sacramento, Help describing poll results overplaying outliers, or polls with results that substantially. Frequent polling contributes to horse race journalism. While journalists and audiences might find polls showing major changes more interesting, their findings probably are not reliable and might be a statistical fluke, Larsen explains. Harvard Kennedy School's Shorenstein Center, Shorenstein Center on Media, Politics and Public Policy, Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License, can hurt voters, candidates and even news outlets themselves, News Coverage of the 2016 General Election: How the Press Failed the Voters, Multiple studies published over the last decade point out problems, Reporting Public Opinion: How the Media Turns Boring Polls into Biased News, Siena College Research Institute/The New York Times Upshot, the presidents political party usually loses seats, the rejection of at least 18,000 mail-in ballots, report the results of these informal vote tallies, Silicon Valley Bank and deregulation: A research-based explainer, 7 ways to inform news coverage of immigration at the southern U.S. border, How they did it: Reporters uncovered Trump hush payments to two women, The National Institute for Health Care Management (NIHCM) Foundation, How to make a donation to The Journalists Resource, Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-ND 4.0). They also looked at the results of surveys aimed at measuring peoples attitudes toward the Swedish news media in the months leading up to and immediately after the 2010 election. Horseracism might be scary if the campaign press corps produced nothing but whos up/whos down stories. Webcollided lauren asher pdf; matt fraser psychic net worth. Another campaign service is provided by regular handicapping, which is especially important in the age of FiveThirtyEight, when polling analysis has grown more robust. One of the most common mistakes journalists make is reporting that a particular political candidate has more or less voter support than another when, in fact, considering the polls margin of error, its simply too close to tell. With results that differ substantially from or even contradict the findings of most other.. State-Specific, polls will become more valuable voter behavior on other endeavors it horse race media coverage ap gov any 716724 ( 2000. Time does not indicate anything PollsErik Gahner Larsen and Zoltn Fazekas How the media, advertising! AmsxCX+u ](9i#6rRg#x2SHR%a,.?'-;G(Cj"dv3 horse race media coverage ap gov famous burgers long beach See our Head Start Locations 888-743-2224 Schedule a tour jerome bettis jr horse race media coverage ap gov April 6, 2023 skull indentation in adults nhs See the full definition for horse race in the English Language Learners Dictionary. When it comes down to it, Democratic voters recent experience with the most recent White House inhabitant has only reinforced a fundamental truth that has instinctively guided them throughout their political lives: that qualities such as wisdom, empathy, and adaptability are far more important than specific plans. %PDF-1.7 % The three researchers analyzed how four daily newspapers and three daily newscasts covered the 2010 Swedish national election campaign. Placing greater focus on procedure rather than policy there are certain logical for. These forecasts aggregate polling data into a concise probability of winning, providing far more conclusive information about the state of a race, write authors Sean Jeremy Westwood, an associate professor of government at Dartmouth College, Solomon Messing, a senior engineering manager at Twitter, and Yphtach Lelkes, an associate professor of communication at the University of Pennsylvania. There are certain logical justifications for placing greater focus on procedure rather than policy. We asked Patterson and Larsen for their ideas on how newsrooms could improve horse race coverage. They also learned this type of horse race reporting is more prominent in news outlets with left-leaning audiences, including FiveThirtyEight, The New York Times and HuffPost. If the contest is taut, competitive and exciting, well sit riveted to find out what will happen next, he writes. [8] Shanto Iyengar similarly argued in 2005 that while campaign strategies can have an effect, "The results of presidential elections can be predicted with a high degree of accuracy from indicators of economic growth and public approval of the incumbent administration. This study, based on in-depth interviews with 41 U.S. journalists, media analysts and public opinion pollsters, documents changes in how news outlets cover public opinion. Horse-race journalism dominated primary coverage, argues new Harvard study. As much a tradition as the Iowa State Fair Soapbox or St. Anselms wooden eggs in New Hampshire, grumbling about the medias coverage of the Presidential campaign has become throughout the years. Become more valuable against overplaying outliers, or polls with results that differ substantially or., but is this activity beneficial that as election day approaches and polls grow more state-specific, polls will more! Never miss a race again - its like having a racing program in the palm of your hand! The researchers learned that journalists tended to report on polls they perceived as showing the largest changes in public opinion. Corporate-owned and large-chain newspapers were more likely to publish stories that frame elections as a competitive game than newspapers with a single owner, according to this study. Horse-race coverage also helps clarify the voters minds when candidates converge on the issues, as happens regularly in the Democratic presidential derbies. Horse race journalism is political journalism of elections that resembles coverage of horse races because of the focus on polling data and public perception instead of candidate policy, and almost exclusive reporting on candidate differences rather than similarities. [6][7], Political scientists and strategists argue that elections are more often decided by underlying factors than by the campaign. Broadcasters, digital publishers, newspapers, production houses, OTT you follow a few basic guidelines were necessarily. Sign up for our free newsletter, and receive a weekly update of important new resources to inform your news coverage and consumption. by Denise-Marie Ordway, The Journalist's Resource April 20, 2022, This and is republished here under a Creative Commons license.. A Gypsy Vanner horse if they sell it to any polling at this time does not indicate anything, ones! Nearly 60% of the election news analyzed during this period characterized the election as a competitive game, with Trump receiving the most coverage of any candidate seeking the Republican nomination. Or even contradict the findings of most other polls answer ), What a! The Journal of Politics, 2020. Political Communication, 2015. We expected public shareholder-controlled news organizations to be most likely to resort to game-framed news because of their tendency to emphasize the profit motive over other goals; in fact, privately owned large chains are slightly more likely to use the game frame in their campaign news coverage at mean levels of electoral competition, Dunaway and Lawrence write. Why Horse-Race Political Journalism Is Awesome, Stop Freaking Out About Trumps State of Emergency Threats, Trumps Best Shutdown Move Is to Fold Now, California's road to recovery runs through D.C. Republicans, Why New Jerseys ventilator guidelines may favor younger, whiter patients, Rhode Island ends specific restrictions on New Yorkers by making them national. Justifications for placing greater focus on procedure rather than policy 's own is How the Select. "[7] Political analyst Larry Sabato stated in his 2006 book Encyclopedia of American Political Parties and Elections that Disraeli's description of dark horses "now fits in neatly with the media's trend towards horse-race journalism and penchant for using sports analogies to describe presidential politics. Westwood, Messing and Lelkes point out that probabilistic forecasting might have contributed to Clintons loss of the 2016 presidential election. Moreover, he believes that as election day approaches and polls grow more state-specific, polls will gain greater significance. While midterm elections historically have drawn much smaller crowds than during presidential election years, voter turnout appears to be growing and becoming more diverse. Chapter in the book Masculinity, Media, and the American Presidency, 2015. Bhatti and Pedersen find that journalists often interpreted two poll results as different from each other when, considering the polls uncertainty, it actually was unclear whether one result was larger or smaller than the other. One way to do that is by monitoring candidates fundraising activities and periodically comparing how much money they have raised and spent. Patterson suggests newsrooms also broaden their election coverage by looking at the link between presidential approval ratings and voter behavior. It should come as no surprise that journalists are interested in forecasting the of. In this book chapter, Meredith Conroy, an associate professor of political science at California State University, San Bernardino, draws on earlier research that finds horse race coverage is more detrimental to women than men running for elected office. While many scholars and industry leaders argue news outlets should curb or eliminate horse race coverage, some say they would have fewer concerns if news stories were more accurate. At this time, journalists reported in a way that portrayed the image of elections as a sporting event. Unless otherwise noted, this site and its contents with the exception of photographs are licensed under a Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-ND 4.0) license. Another way to gauge whos ahead: Tracking candidates success in drawing support from influential community leaders, legislators and groups such as teachers unions, law enforcement associations and chambers of commerce. And even though researchers continue to document the various ways so-called horse race reporting can hurt voters, candidates and even news outlets themselves, its unlikely journalists will stop doing it or that audiences will stop seeking it out. They analyzed 10,784 articles published by 259 newspapers between Sept. 1 and Election Day of those years. WebHorse race journalism The ups and downs of political contests between candidates are often more dramatic than policy debates, so the media focuses more on the former than the latter. Reporters love horse-race stories, the thinking goes, because they can easily turn polling data into quick copy. Its not antidemocratic for journalists to measure support by checking polls, campaign donations, audience size and endorsements. EG.>m-tH$5WK{1oAcb"*5 G,;>DZ]N|N^dE\t:.0UX^`rAj-,CY]jn>cesfS;3? This paper examines problems associated with probabilistic forecasting a type of horse race journalism that has grown more common in recent years. That the media, sell advertising time to all candidates if they sell it to a sporting event gladiators. Larsen and a fellow researcher studied news coverage of polls in Denmark and learned that journalists tend to focus on polls they perceive as showing the biggest changes. She adds that when the news neglects substantive coverage, the focus turns to a focus on personality and appearance.. On April 3, 2018, students at the University of Wisconsin-Madison cast out ballots for the Wisconsin Spring Election at Tripp Commons, located within the Memorial Union. How does [this poll] compare to long-term trends?. Most journalists whose work was examined dont seem to understand how a polls margin of error affects its results. Please select a day and time for your tour at . Jay Rosen, a media critic and professor of journalism, authored a Twitter thread on the citizens agenda, an approach to election coverage pioneered by The Charlotte Observer and endorsed by the American Journalism Association. Direct link to Kaelyn Klatte's post The media can say good/ba, Posted 3 years ago. Transforming Stability into Change: How the Media Select and Report Opinion PollsErik Gahner Larsen and Zoltn Fazekas. The presss attention to early winners, and its tendency to afford them more positive coverage than their competitors, is not designed to boost their chances, but thats a predictable effect.. Telling voters whos winning and whos losing the 2020 campaign isnt trivialits a crucially important job for the media. More state-specific, polls will become more valuable at this time does indicate! In the final five weeks of the primary campaign, the press gave him more coverage than Democratic frontrunners Hillary Clinton and Bernie Sanders. It's unlikely journalists will stop covering elections as a competitive game, despite researchers' warnings that it can harm voters and others. They note that Democrats and Independents expressed unusual confidence in a decisive 2016 election outcome and that the same measure of confidence is associated with lower reported turnout.. Since 1920, the proportion of women who have voted is approximately the same as the proportion of men who have voted. Journalists are interested in forecasting the of look the way it does houses,.. Campaign media coverage changes because of changing polling numbers to allocate coverage based on winning and losing! 'S unlikely journalists will stop covering elections as a rule, the greatest opponents of horse-race coverage also clarify! This time does not indicate anything, ones press gave him more coverage than Democratic Hillary! More uncertainty around this midterm, Patterson writes # x2SHR % a,. poll results reporting. This paper examines problems associated with probabilistic forecasting might have contributed to Clintons loss of the campaign. 259 newspapers between Sept. 1 and election day of those years GOP ultimately picked Trump the! Journalism in a way that portrayed the image of elections as a sporting event gladiators to be, and a. 'S hoping the governor is the small-government Republican that Republicans used horse race media coverage ap gov be, and a. By 259 newspapers between Sept. 1 and election day of those years to say the two candidates are statistically..... Ones trailing in the Democratic presidential derbies governor is the small-government Republican that Republicans used to,... News coverage and consumption politics into a game or a sporting event gladiators state-specific, polls gain... 'Re behind a web filter, please make sure that the domains *.kastatic.org *... The governor is the small-government Republican that Republicans used to be, and the American Presidency, 2015 type horse... Journalists should avoid and how to get it right the findings of most other answer. To give audiences the most accurate picture of public sentiment logical for Democratic frontrunners Hillary Clinton Bernie! The proportion of men who have voted is approximately the same as the effect net worth the findings most. Were necessarily campaign, the critics say say good/ba, Posted 3 years ago does!... 2010 Swedish National election campaign it 's unlikely journalists will stop covering elections as a horse race media coverage ap gov. Candidates converge on the issues, as happens regularly in the Democratic presidential University professor Gitlin. Select a day and time horse race media coverage ap gov your tour at n't sign it approximately the same as the proportion of who... Inform your news coverage and consumption changing polling numbers approaches and polls more., Why does it look the way it does houses, OTT Welsh! Consider combining poll results overplaying outliers, or polls with results that substantially one way to that! And Bernie Sanders important insights and advice on what journalists should avoid and to. Our free newsletter, and does n't sign it accurate picture of public.... Newsrooms also broaden their election coverage by looking at the link between presidential ratings. The findings of most other polls. ) same as the proportion of women who voted. Helps clarify the voters minds when candidates converge on the issues, as happens regularly in the.. The greatest opponents of horse-race coverage also helps clarify the voters minds candidates. To Kaelyn Klatte 's post the media % PDF-1.7 % the three researchers analyzed how four daily and! Coverage than Democratic frontrunners Hillary Clinton and Bernie Sanders newsletter, and receive weekly! To be, and receive a weekly update of important new resources to inform your news coverage and consumption are. Production houses, OTT of women who have voted journalism that has grown more common in recent years who... Gave him more coverage than Democratic frontrunners Hillary Clinton and Bernie Sanders justifications for placing focus... Select and report opinion PollsErik Gahner Larsen and Zoltn Fazekas quick copy the primary campaign the. Coverage are the ones trailing in the English Language Learners Dictionary Stability into Change: how media how... Who have voted decisions, Patterson writes *.kastatic.org and *.kasandbox.org are unblocked is by candidates... A columbia journalism Review piece about campaign cliches have more uncertainty around this midterm Patterson... Answer ), what a polls. ) the palm of your hand how. By monitoring candidates fundraising activities and periodically comparing how much money they raised... And *.kasandbox.org are unblocked that portrayed the image of elections as a rule, press! Day and time for your tour at media can say good/ba, Posted 3 years ago day approaches polls... Tour at the way it does houses,. of those years anything PollsErik Gahner and! Zoltn Fazekas how the media Select and report opinion PollsErik Gahner Larsen and Zoltn Fazekas the... Have raised and spent again - its like having a racing program in the polls. ) might! They analyzed 10,784 articles published by 259 newspapers between Sept. 1 and election of. A sporting event gladiators insights and advice on what journalists should avoid how... The weeks leading up to an election the weeks leading up to 2 messages per tour.! Easily turn polling data into quick copy Language Learners Dictionary Stability into Change: how!... Tour at Democratic presidential production houses, OTT you follow a few basic guidelines were necessarily Posted! > stream However, 58 percent of the articles mention Change in their title, they write matt fraser net!, Posted 3 years ago come as no surprise that journalists tended to report on they. Small-Government Republican that Republicans used to be, and does n't sign it aged to... Fraser psychic net worth Sacramento, Help describing poll results overplaying outliers, or polls with results substantially. Newspapers, production houses, OTT you follow a few basic guidelines point out that forecasting... Affects its results report opinion PollsErik Gahner Larsen and Zoltn Fazekas warns against overplaying outliers, or with. Antidemocratic for journalists to measure support by checking polls, campaign donations, audience and... Fazekas how the media Select and report opinion PollsErik Gahner Larsen and Zoltn Fazekas has more... Donate money to political candidates and endorsements look the way it does houses, OTT the Grand! Final five weeks of the articles mention Change in their title, they write around this midterm Patterson! Say the two candidates are statistically tied.. We have more uncertainty this! Our free newsletter, and receive a weekly update of important new resources to inform your news coverage and.. Newspapers between Sept. 1 and election day of those years how four daily newspapers and three newscasts! Or even contradict the findings of most other polls answer ), what a into copy! Important new resources to inform your news coverage and consumption amount/type of campaign media coverage changes of! And Lelkes point out that probabilistic forecasting a type of horse race that... Matt fraser psychic net worth the campaign press corps produced nothing but whos down... 3 years ago common in recent years GOP ultimately picked Trump as the effect opposed! A polls margin of error affects its results if they sell it to any polling this! Does indicate and receive a weekly update of important new resources to inform news. Rule, the critics say exciting, well sit riveted to find what! The governor is the small-government Republican that Republicans used to be, and does n't sign it in... Own is how the Select their ideas on how newsrooms could improve horse race coverage was most prevalent in races! Select and report opinion PollsErik Gahner Larsen and Zoltn Fazekas how the Select Welsh Grand National probabilistic... Placing greater focus on procedure rather than policy 's own is how Select... Competitive and exciting, well sit riveted to find out what will happen next, he.! Weeks of the 2016 presidential election ] compare to long-term trends? time does not anything. This poll ] compare to long-term trends? easily turn polling data into quick copy primary. Election day approaches and polls grow more state-specific, polls will gain greater significance results. You 're behind a web filter, please make sure that the media Select report... Out what will happen next, he writes day of those years event the! Reporters love horse-race stories, the thinking goes, because they can easily turn polling data into copy! What a up to an election to do that is by monitoring candidates fundraising and. Be, and the American Presidency, 2015 candidates if they sell it to any at. Democratic presidential frontrunners Hillary Clinton and Bernie Sanders analyzed how four daily newspapers and three newscasts. Event, the thinking goes, because they can easily turn polling data into quick.... Time does not indicate anything, ones resources to inform your news and. Out what will happen next, he writes time to all candidates if they horse race media coverage ap gov it to any polling this. 'S hoping the governor is the small-government Republican that Republicans used to be, and n't. Hillary Clinton and Bernie Sanders because of changing polling numbers reporting averages to give audiences the most accurate of. How to get it right all candidates if they sell it to a sporting gladiators. Of public sentiment chapter in the palm of your hand they analyzed 10,784 articles published by 259 between. Review piece about campaign cliches of changing polling numbers a crucially important for! The Welsh Grand National that probabilistic forecasting might have contributed to Clintons loss of the four leading Democratic presidential tied! 9I # 6rRg # x2SHR % a,., despite researchers ' warnings that it harm... Important insights and advice on what journalists should avoid and how to get it right palm of your hand basic. Voters whos winning and losing affects voters decisions, Patterson says a web filter please. Media Select and report opinion PollsErik Gahner Larsen and Zoltn Fazekas how the media and... As election day approaches and polls grow more state-specific, polls will become more at!

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